Arguably, the most significant aspect of York’s transportation heritage is its importance as a railway nucleus, a position it has maintained from the mid-19th century to the present day. This illuminating article provides a brief overview of how all the railways came to York, and the effects this had on the lives of the city’s residents.
AUTHOR: OSCAR HILDER
One of Victorian England’s most shocking scandals was the Cleveland Street affair, impacting perceptions surrounding the LGBT community. This article by James Lamont, written for the LGBT+ History Writing Competition, details the story of the scandal to reveal what made it such an infamous case. By foregrounding the key political individuals involved within the case, this piece highlights just why attitudes towards homosexuality were severely impacted as a result of the affair’s notoriety.
AUTHOR JAMES LAMONT
From the late twelfth century, Middle English was the first language for most of the population within medieval England, but was hardly used in writing. However, this soon began to change. In this article, Emma Bassett details the reasons why uses of the English vernacular shifted, replacing Latin and French. By exploring the significance of the growing feeling of national identity at the time, this piece brilliantly explores the relationship between the rising vernacular and widespread access to knowledge.
AUTHOR EMMA BASSETT
In 1788, the First Fleet arrived in what would later be known as Sydney Harbour, marking the beginning of Australia’s history as a penal colony. Britain’s gaols were flooding with prisoners, causing a crisis with soaring rates of crime. This article delves into the forms of punishment within this period of Georgian British history, comparing these to the transportation of prisoners to Australia. Benjamin Fradley’s insightful piece uses this comparison to evaluate whether transportation was truly successful as a form of punishment, or whether it was simply a necessary alternative to other, more barbaric practices.
AUTHOR BENJAMIN FRADLEY
In 1960, Dennis Potter identified something unique about his homeland of the Forest of Dean that made it so special: the sense of a small green world hemmed in by two rivers and two nations. This article by Joseph Lowen-Grey, the winner of our Local and Community History Writing Competition, explores this further by detailing the Forest’s enchanting history. Anchoring the article around the forest’s Freeminers, this piece foregrounds the intricate legacy of the group that makes the Forest of Dean as remarkable as it stands today.
AUTHOR JOSEPH LOWEN-GREY
No matter where they lived, our ancient ancestors were fascinated by the wonders within the night sky. This article is the first within a series where Annon Ford explores the developmental history of humanity’s celestial observations. Part I delves into the astronomical beliefs of prehistory, antiquity, and the Middle Ages, beginning to trace the expansion of the universe, or, rather, the expanding knowledge of the human perspective.
AUTHOR ANNON FORD
Since 2002, the Jerusalem Pride Parade has taken place annually while transforming throughout the years, marking the progress of gay rights in Israel. This article explores some of the contexts in which this progress has occurred, looking also at the intertwining of these tensions. As Alon Isac describes the historical developments and the political background of the pride parade, questions not just answered, but also raised.
AUTHOR ALON ISAC
The fourteenth century in England was a time of great dysfunction and tumult, with events like the Black Death and the Peasants’ Revolt. However, before this came the Bristol Revolt, one of the most significant but understudied urban rebellions of medieval England. In this article, Daniel Cramphorn details the rebellion’s background, sources, and its key events, focusing on the changing levels of violence and order. The exploration of this four-year-long revolt highlights just why it should be widely seen as an extraordinary example of late medieval urban protest.
AUTHOR DANIEL CRAMPHORN
Eleanor of Aquitaine, having been Queen of both France and England, was a force to be reckoned with. Her contemporaries and historians alike are divided on whether she was extraordinary or troublesome. Even so, this article by Kirsten Pierrepont uses Eleanor as a demonstrative case study to delve deeply into influential and powerful women that dominated the medieval landscape. Her royal power is explored, as well as her status within historiography, to find whether she was truly a unique medieval Queen.
AUTHOR KIRSTEN PIERREPONT
Over 3000 years ago, the Minoan Civilisation vanished, a historical event that has bewildered academics for over a century. This article explores the reasons for this unexpected collapse, attempting to highlight the main factor. By exploring its geological, anthropological, and meteorological aspects, Amy Hutchison begins to untangles the mystery of this unanticipated loss of an entire culture.
AUTHOR AMY HUTCHISON
The crime of infanticide was something closely associated with illegitimate births throughout Early Modern England and was a cause for public anxiety. However, this article explores how many women actually resorted to infanticide as a result of illegitimate pregnancies. Olivia Boyle compares the presence of infanticide in popular culture to real cases to see how far it truly was the fate for infants at the time, or if there was a more prevalent threat at play for them.
AUTHOR OLIVIA BOYLE
Perpignan, located in the south of France, is the last large city closest to the Franco-Spanish border. Much like its history, the city stands today ensnared between French and Catalan culture. This article delves into the multiculturalism within Perpignan, especially looking at its Catalan, but also French, culture and identity. By exploring the city’s history, linguistics, heritage, and gastronomy, Cassia Wydra carefully traces and appreciates the bicultural identity of Perpignan, or Perpinyà.
AUTHOR CASSIA WYDRA
At the end of the 1920s, Leon Trotsky found himself in a precarious but familiar position. Although he was seen by some as Lenin’s natural successor, Trotsky was washed away by the power struggle caused by Stalin’s political manoeuvres. In this article, Iris Pinder explores Trotsky’s exile, tracing the final decade of his life. Although this period was overcast by doom and death, Trotsky’s ultimate ability to adapt as a pariah is reflected, finding his way albeit isolated from the communist dictatorship he helped create and defend.
AUTHOR IRIS PINDER
Wentworth Woodhouse has undergone much expansion for decades, in terms of its architecture, owners, and history. In this article, Finlay Ratcliffe seeks to explore the history of the site, tracing it chronologically, using its fifteen owners as key historical checkpoints. By also foregrounding its rigid resistance to modern demolition attempts, as well as its current preservation plans, the reasons for why Wentworth Woodhouse is considered a great survivor are illuminated.
AUTHOR FINLAY RATCLIFFE
It is difficult and complex to explore the histories of individuals with disabilities without applying our modern and present attitudes. However, Serafina Coupe sees this as making the study of attitudes towards disability within Norse mythology all the more intriguing. This article therefore deeply explores Norse mythological figures within Icelandic sagas to compare presentations of disability within medieval Scandinavian cultures.
AUTHOR SERAFINA COUPE
War, empire, and nationhood have typically defined British history, with whiteness serving as a constant underlying motif. As a result, Black history has often been written out of this mainstream narrative. In this illuminating article, Sinead Bedward explores the deep-rooted presence of Black people in Britain, from ancient times to the Tudor period. By foregrounding their success and influence, the article challenges the misconception that Black history is separate from British history, instead exemplifying how Black individuals have shaped Britain for centuries.
AUTHOR SINEAD BEDWARD
Today, Germany continues to grapple with the difficult legacy of its ‘second dictatorship’ behind the Berlin Wall. In Anna Funder’s captivating work, ‘Stasiland,’ a detailed oral history of this life is combined with Funder’s own observations of post-reunification Germany. In this article, Lizzy Stott explores what makes Funder’s novel both a narrative and investigative success in reflecting how the East German past is by no means over.
AUTHOR LIZZY STOTT
Irish political history in the early twentieth century is often portrayed as popular democratic, radically republican, and perhaps even left-wing Marxist in character. However, this obscures a key political story of the 1920s and 1930s, when Ireland too experienced a somewhat right-wing, nationalist, and potentially fascist movement. Henry Anderson delves into this underrepresented moment in modern Irish history by giving background to the rise and fall of the Blueshirts before assessing whether this movement was indeed fascist.
AUTHOR HENRY ANDERSON
In the year 1864, the Sheffield Daily Telegraph made an appeal, calling for ‘the abolition of what is known as the ‘Goathland incline’, since this steep gradient had clearly become a threat to people using it. The result was that the North Eastern Railway (NER) began work on deviating the line, which opened in 1865, and along with it, a new station to serve Goathland. The author, an archaeologist, brings to light interesting human stories of people who had their lives intertwined with this iconic station (known nowadays popularly as Hogsmeade station from the first HP film!).
AUTHOR: WILLIAM PLANT
Brit Bennett’s novel ‘The Vanishing Half’ depicts the lives of two sisters, Stella and Desiree, within twentieth century USA. The trajectories that the twins take within the book reflect the complexities of racial identity and understanding at the time, especially surrounding racial passing. In this article, Eloise Gibson illuminates the histories of individuals such as Walter White to see the novel’s ability to represent the real people who experienced racial passing first-hand.
AUTHOR ELOISE GIBSON
Despite their small scale, the pigs of Anglo-Saxon England can reveal much about those who reared and wrote about them. In this article, Frederick Upton analyses key medieval documents and unique sources to highlight swine in this period as unique economic goods, but also as signifiers of culture and society. Through this exploration, the interesting and exclusive role of swineherds are also consequently illuminated.
AUTHOR FREDERICK UPTON
Climate change is an especially relevant issue, with the current global warming crisis needing urgent attention by world leaders. In this article, Leon Corneille-Cowell outlines the history of this phenomenon, reflecting its precedence over thousands of decades, and its devastating impacts upon a number of civilisations and groups throughout time.
AUTHOR: LEON CORNEILLE-COWELL
Although the Titanic is arguably the most famous ship in history, many of the horrific memories of its more ordinary passengers have been forgotten. This article spotlights the life of Joseph Laroche and his family, passengers aboard the Titanic, devastated by the tragedy. Helena Hunter successfully widens the narrative of the Titanic disaster by shedding light on the story of the only Black man amongst the ship’s passengers.
AUTHOR: HELENA HUNTER
When one considers the history of racial discrimination, the stories of ordinary people who fought for equality are often overlooked. This compelling article spotlights Asquith Xavier, a Black West Indian railwayman, who challenged his rejection from a position at London Euston Station. By connecting Xavier to broader developments within the British civil rights movement, Oscar Hilder argues for Xavier’s influence on both racial legislation and his personal communities.
AUTHOR OSCAR HILDER
A look at historical anniversaries and commemorations that occurred in 2024 by the 2023-2024 York Historian Committee.
Although general book production and literary grew in late medieval England, Amelia Spanton focuses on the commonplace book as a point of great interest. This article reflects the significance of these texts in containing and portraying information about life and society in this period.
AUTHOR AMELIA SPANTON
The Ming dynasty, known widely as the ‘Great Ming,’ oversaw the building of some of China’s most iconic monuments and contained many other unique features. In this article, Leon Corneille-Cowell explores these, as well as key individuals within the dynasty, such as the Hongwu Emperor and Zhang He.
AUTHOR LEON CORNEILLE-COWELL
The history of witchcraft has typically been examined from a Western perspective. In this article, Libby Foxwell and Eloise Gibson explore perceptions of witchcraft in colonial Africa to uncover and overcome historical misconceptions about the phenomenon.
AUTHOR LIBBY FOXWELL AND ELOISE GIBSON
Discussing the intricate history of plastic surgery, Lizzy Stott discusses its ideological and racialised aspects. Desiring to debunk the popular myth that plastic surgery originated after the First World War, this article makes for an illuminating read on the development and implications of the practise for a variety of groups.
AUTHOR LIZZY STOTT
Retelling the history of the Qing dynasty, Leon Corneille-Cowell discusses the range of factors that led to its eventual decline. This article gives an overview by detailing events such as the Taiping Rebellion while also looking at typical Qing fashion.
AUTHOR LEON CORNEILLE-COWELL
In our latest article Katie Wilkinson and Ariane S. Palmas review the new festive exhibition at Fairfax House, a Georgian town house, with influences of neo-classical architecture in its standing building.
AUTHORS: KATIE WILKINSON AND ARIANE S. PALMAS
How we see The Wars of the Roses is overwhelmingly masculine. From militant Kings and backstabbing nobles to she-wolf Queens demonised for presenting attributes equal to men, its male influence is almost inescapable. This article will try to rectify, exploring the tumultuous life of Anne Neville: Princess of Wales, Duchess of Gloucester, and Queen of England.
AUTHOR KATIE WILKINSON
Usually when we think of York, we think of the Vikings. Why has York’s Anglo Saxon history been overlooked?
AUTHOR: ELSA ROBINSON
The meanings expressed in, and drawn from, memorials are contested by historians. What can York’s First World War memorials offer to the debate?
AUTHOR: SOPHIE TURBUTT
This article offers a critical exploration of the Ronald Reagan years by focusing on his economic, foreign and social policies.
AUTHOR: JAMES BASTIN
The witch trials have been described as a ‘mass murder of women’. This article considers why the gender element to witch hunts has been surprisingly neglected, and what theories are most compelling as to why women were accused of witchcraft than men.
AUTHOR: ENYA HOLLAND
The Devonshire MS is a collection of poetry; its significance lies in its authorship – historical women of import in the Henrician period. This article outlines how the folio changed hands and how it came to be.
AUTHOR: JESSICA AYRES
In early November, Professor Andrew Higson gave a talk at a screening of the film ‘The Battle of the Somme’. This article outlines the talk given, and discusses the film in that light.
AUTHOR: CATHERINE METCALFE
Irish workers were seen to be lesser in the eyes of English planters. The Irish held a legal status above their slave peers whilst still sharing a commonality and practical status with them.
AUTHOR: ENYA HOLLAND
Henry VIII’s first son Henry Fitzroy has been sidelined in Tudor History. His story reveals a great deal about legitimacy, royal lineage and succession.
AUTHOR JESSICA AYRES
The Musée de Cluny in Paris is a rare example of a museum that strives to more authentically look back at the Medieval period.
AUTHOR: ELSA ROBINSON
This weekend we celebrate the 800th anniversary of the sealing of Magna Carta — but are we celebrating an idea rather than a reality? AUTHOR: LAURA FLANNIGAN
Italy faced numerous challenges to national unification in the late nineteenth century. What were they? AUTHOR: AILA BICER
